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==Events== *1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. *1697 – St Paul's Cathedral is consecrated in London. *1755 – The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire. *1763 – Dedication of the Touro Synagogue, in Newport, Rhode Island, the first synagogue in what will become the United States. *1775 – The becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the Stars and Stripes); the flag is hoisted by John Paul Jones. *1804 – At Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, Napoleon Bonaparte crowns himself Emperor of the French. *1805 – War of the Third Coalition: Battle of Austerlitz: French troops under Napoleon Bonaparte decisively defeat a joint Russo-Austrian force. *1823 – Monroe Doctrine: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President James Monroe proclaims American neutrality in future European conflicts, and warns European powers not to interfere in the Americas. *1845 – Manifest Destiny: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President James K. Polk proposes that the United States should aggressively expand into the West. *1848 – Franz Josef I becomes Emperor of Austria. *1851 – French President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte overthrows the Second Republic. *1852 – Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte becomes Emperor of the French as Napoleon III. *1859 – Militant abolitionist leader John Brown is hanged for his October 16 raid on Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. *1867 – At Tremont Temple in Boston, British author Charles Dickens gives his first public reading in the United States. *1899 – Philippine–American War: The Battle of Tirad Pass, termed "The Filipino Thermopylae", is fought. *1908 – Puyi becomes Emperor of China at the age of two. *1917 – World War I: Russia and the Central Powers sign an armistice at Brest-Litovsk, and peace talks leading to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk begin. *1920 – Following more than a month of Turkish–Armenian War, the Turkish dictated Treaty of Alexandropol is concluded. *1927 – Following 19 years of Ford Model T production, the Ford Motor Company unveils the Ford Model A as its new automobile. *1930 – Great Depression: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Herbert Hoover proposes a $150 million () public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy. *1939 – New York City's LaGuardia Airport opens. *1942 – World War II: During the Manhattan Project, a team led by Enrico Fermi initiates the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. *1943 – World War II: A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of Bari, Italy, sinks numerous cargo and transport ships, including the American , which is carrying a stockpile of World War I-era mustard gas. *1947 – Jerusalem Riots of 1947: Riots break out in Jerusalem in response to the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine. *1954 – Cold War: The United States Senate votes 65 to 22 to censure Joseph McCarthy for "conduct that tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute". * 1954 – The Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, between the United States and Taiwan, is signed in Washington, D.C. *1956 – The ''Granma'' reaches the shores of Cuba's Oriente Province. Fidel Castro, Che Guevara and 80 other members of the 26th of July Movement disembark to initiate the Cuban Revolution. *1961 – In a nationally broadcast speech, Cuban leader Fidel Castro declares that he is a Marxist–Leninist and that Cuba is going to adopt Communism. *1962 – Vietnam War: After a trip to Vietnam at the request of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, U.S. Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield becomes the first American official to comment adversely on the war's progress. *1970 – The United States Environmental Protection Agency begins operations. *1971 – Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Fujairah, Sharjah, Dubai, and Umm al-Quwain form the United Arab Emirates. *1975 – Laotian Civil War: The Pathet Lao seizes the Laotian capital of Vientiane, forces the abdication of King Sisavang Vatthana, and proclaims the Lao People's Democratic Republic. *1976 – Fidel Castro becomes President of Cuba, replacing Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado. *1980 – Salvadoran Civil War: Four U.S. nuns and churchwomen, Ita Ford, Maura Clarke, Jean Donovan, and Dorothy Kazel, are murdered by a military death squad. *1982 – At the University of Utah, Barney Clark becomes the first person to receive a permanent artificial heart. *1988 – Benazir Bhutto is sworn in as Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first woman to head the government of an Islam-dominated state. *1991 – Canada and Poland become the first nations on earth to recognize the independence of Ukraine from the Soviet Union. *1993 – Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar is shot and killed in Medellín. * 1993 – Space Shuttle program: STS-61: NASA launches the Space Shuttle Endeavour on a mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope. *1999 – Glenbrook rail accident: Seven passengers are killed when two trains collide near Sydney, New South Wales. * 1999 – The United Kingdom devolves political power in Northern Ireland to the Northern Ireland Executive. *2001 – Enron files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「December 2」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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